PDL: SAR ADC various processing of conversion results

This code example, based on Peripheral Driver Library (PDL) libraries, demonstrates how the conversion results of the SAR ADC change depending on various conversion output methods.

View this README on GitHub.

Provide feedback on this code example.

Requirements

ModusToolbox™ v3.4 or later (tested with v3.4)
Board support package (BSP) minimum required version:
- KIT_T2G_C-2D-6M_LITE: v1.0
Programming language: C
Associated parts: TRAVEO™ T2G family Cluster series

Supported toolchains (make variable 'TOOLCHAIN')

GNU Arm® Embedded Compiler v11.3.1 (GCC_ARM) – Default value of TOOLCHAIN
Arm® Compiler v6.22 (ARM)
IAR C/C++ Compiler v9.50.2 (IAR)

Supported kits (make variable 'TARGET')

TRAVEO™ T2G Cluster 6M Lite Kit (KIT_T2G_C-2D-6M_LITE) – Default value of TARGET

Hardware setup

This example uses the board's default configuration. See the kit user guide to ensure that the board is configured correctly.

Software setup

See the ModusToolbox™ tools package installation guide for information about installing and configuring the tools package.

Install a terminal emulator if you don't have one. Instructions in this document use Tera Term.

This example requires no additional software or tools.

Using the code example

Create the project

The ModusToolbox™ tools package provides the Project Creator as both a GUI tool and a command line tool.

Use Project Creator GUI

Open the Project Creator GUI tool.

There are several ways to do this, including launching it from the dashboard or from inside the Eclipse IDE. For more details, see the Project Creator user guide (locally available at {ModusToolbox™ install directory}/tools_{version}/project-creator/docs/project-creator.pdf).
On the Choose Board Support Package (BSP) page, select a kit supported by this code example. See Supported kits.

Note: To use this code example for a kit not listed here, you may need to update the source files. If the kit does not have the required resources, the application may not work.
On the Select Application page:

a. Select the Applications(s) Root Path and the Target IDE.

Note: Depending on how you open the Project Creator tool, these fields may be pre-selected for you.

b. Select this code example from the list by enabling its check box.

Note: You can narrow the list of displayed examples by typing in the filter box.

c. (Optional) Change the suggested New Application Name and New BSP Name.

d. Click Create to complete the application creation process.

Use Project Creator CLI

The 'project-creator-cli' tool can be used to create applications from a CLI terminal or from within batch files or shell scripts. This tool is available in the {ModusToolbox™ install directory}/tools_{version}/project-creator/ directory.

Use a CLI terminal to invoke the 'project-creator-cli' tool. On Windows, use the command-line 'modus-shell' program provided in the ModusToolbox™ installation instead of a standard Windows command-line application. This shell provides access to all ModusToolbox™ tools. You can access it by typing "modus-shell" in the search box in the Windows menu. In Linux and macOS, you can use any terminal application.

The following example clones the "mtb-example-ce240997-adc-processing-result" application with the desired name "AdcProcessingResult" configured for the KIT_T2G_C-2D-6M_LITE BSP into the specified working directory, C:/mtb_projects:

project-creator-cli --board-id KIT_T2G_C-2D-6M_LITE --app-id mtb-example-ce240997-adc-processing-result --user-app-name AdcProcessingResult --target-dir "C:/mtb_projects"

The 'project-creator-cli' tool has the following arguments:

Argument	Description	Required/optional
`--board-id`	Defined in the field of the BSP manifest	Required
`--app-id`	Defined in the field of the CE manifest	Required
`--target-dir`	Specify the directory in which the application is to be created if you prefer not to use the default current working directory	Optional
`--user-app-name`	Specify the name of the application if you prefer to have a name other than the example's default name	Optional

Note: The project-creator-cli tool uses the git clone and make getlibs commands to fetch the repository and import the required libraries. For details, see the "Project creator tools" section of the ModusToolbox™ tools package user guide (locally available at {ModusToolbox™ install directory}/docs_{version}/mtb_user_guide.pdf).

Open the project

After the project has been created, you can open it in your preferred development environment.

Eclipse IDE

If you opened the Project Creator tool from the included Eclipse IDE, the project will open in Eclipse automatically.

For more details, see the Eclipse IDE for ModusToolbox™ user guide (locally available at {ModusToolbox™ install directory}/docs_{version}/mt_ide_user_guide.pdf).

Visual Studio (VS) Code

Launch VS Code manually, and then open the generated {project-name}.code-workspace file located in the project directory.

For more details, see the Visual Studio Code for ModusToolbox™ user guide (locally available at {ModusToolbox™ install directory}/docs_{version}/mt_vscode_user_guide.pdf).

Keil µVision

Double-click the generated {project-name}.cprj file to launch the Keil µVision IDE.

For more details, see the Keil µVision for ModusToolbox™ user guide (locally available at {ModusToolbox™ install directory}/docs_{version}/mt_uvision_user_guide.pdf).

IAR Embedded Workbench

Open IAR Embedded Workbench manually, and create a new project. Then select the generated {project-name}.ipcf file located in the project directory.

For more details, see the IAR Embedded Workbench for ModusToolbox™ user guide (locally available at {ModusToolbox™ install directory}/docs_{version}/mt_iar_user_guide.pdf).

Command line

If you prefer to use the CLI, open the appropriate terminal, and navigate to the project directory. On Windows, use the command-line 'modus-shell' program; on Linux and macOS, you can use any terminal application. From there, you can run various make commands.

For more details, see the ModusToolbox™ tools package user guide (locally available at {ModusToolbox™ install directory}/docs_{version}/mtb_user_guide.pdf).

Operation

Connect the board to your PC using the provided USB cable through the KitProg3 USB connector.
Open a terminal program and select the KitProg3 COM port. Set the serial port parameters to 8N1 and 115200 baud.
Program the board using one of the following:
Using Eclipse IDE
1. Select the application project in the Project Explorer.
2. In the Quick Panel, scroll down, and click <Application Name> Program (KitProg3_MiniProg4).
In other IDEs

Follow the instructions in your preferred IDE.
Using CLI

From the terminal, execute the make program command to build and program the application using the default toolchain to the default target. The default toolchain is specified in the application's Makefile but you can override this value manually:
```
make program TOOLCHAIN=<toolchain>
```
Example:
```
make program TOOLCHAIN=GCC_ARM
```
After programming, the application starts automatically. Specify the output format and average count by pressing corresponded key as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Terminal output on program startup
Rotate the potentiometer to change the ADC input voltage. Based on user input, the results will be displayed in the terminal window.

Debugging

You can debug the example to step through the code.

In Eclipse IDE

Use the <Application Name> Debug (KitProg3_MiniProg4) configuration in the Quick Panel. For details, see the "Program and debug" section in the Eclipse IDE for ModusToolbox™ user guide.

Note: (Only while debugging) On the CM4 CPU, some code in main() may execute before the debugger halts at the beginning of main(). This means that some code executes twice – once before the debugger stops execution, and again after the debugger resets the program counter to the beginning of main(). See KBA231071 to learn about this and for the workaround.

In other IDEs

Follow the instructions in your preferred IDE.

Design and implementation

SAR ADC Configurations

In this example of code, A/D conversion is implemented with PDL(Peripheral Driver Library) APIs in configure_SAR_ADC().

Cy_SAR2_Init() to initialize the ADC module and set the reference buffer with band gap voltage. The configurations are included in the structure CE_SAR2_config which is configured using Device Configurator:

Figure 2. ADC configuration

Note: The clock settings for A/D conversion are done in Device Configurator as well, and are reflected automatically in cybsp_init() call in advance.
Then Cy_SAR2_SetReferenceBufferMode() sets ePASS MMIO reference buffer mode
After initializing channels, set the interrupt to occur at the end of the last channel conversion. Cy_SAR2_Channel_SetInterruptMask() is called to use the interrupt factor CY_SAR2_INT_GRP_DONE and the interrupt handler handle_SAR_ADC_IRQ() is registered by Cy_SysInt_Init(). Finally, calling NVIC_SetPriority() and NVIC_EnableIRQ() to enable the interrupt. For more details about interrupt handling, refer Handling Interrupts from pdl_api_reference_manual
The A/D conversion is triggered by the software by calling Cy_SAR2_Channel_SoftwareTrigger()

The interruption generated when the conversion of the two channels terminates is managed by handle_SAR_ADC_IRQ().

Firstly, the function obtains the conversion status via the Cy_SAR2_Channel_GetInterruptStatus() API. Then it clears the interrupt flags by Cy_SAR2_Channel_ClearInterrupt()
This function specifies how the conversion results must be processed based on the different output formats in the current configuration. According to the calculations, it shows the value of the raw conversion result and the voltage value on the terminal
In addition to the above, it reflects the new configuration specified by the user and the new configuration is performed by calling the configure_SAR_ADC() feature

Refer here for detailed explanation of PDL API usage for SAR ADC.

Miscellaneous settings

STDIN / STDOUT setting
- Calling cy_retarget_io_init() function to use UART as STDIN / STDOUT
  - Initialize the port defined as CYBSP_DEBUG_UART_TX as UART TX and CYBSP_DEBUG_UART_RX as UART RX (these pins are connected to KitProg3 COM port)
  - The serial port parameters are 8N1 and 115200 baud rate
- Cy_SCB_UART_Get() returns the user input from the terminal as received data

Related resources

Resources	Links
Application notes	AN235305 – Getting started with TRAVEO™ T2G family MCUs in ModusToolbox™　 AN219755 – Using a SAR ADC in TRAVEO™ T2G automotive microcontrollers　 AN225401 – How to use serial communications block (SCB) in TRAVEO™ T2G family
Code examples	Using ModusToolbox™ on GitHub
Device documentation	TRAVEO™ T2G MCU family datasheets TRAVEO™ T2G MCU family architecture and registers reference manuals
Development kits	Select your kits from the Evaluation board finder.
Libraries on GitHub	mtb-pdl-cat1 – Peripheral Driver Library (PDL) 　 retarget-io – Utility library to retarget STDIO messages to a UART port
Tools	ModusToolbox™ – ModusToolbox™ software is a collection of easy-to-use libraries and tools enabling rapid development with Infineon MCUs for applications ranging from wireless and cloud-connected systems, edge AI/ML, embedded sense and control, to wired USB connectivity using PSOC™ Industrial/IoT MCUs, AIROC™ Wi-Fi and Bluetooth® connectivity devices, XMC™ Industrial MCUs, and EZ-USB™/EZ-PD™ wired connectivity controllers. ModusToolbox™ incorporates a comprehensive set of BSPs, HAL, libraries, configuration tools, and provides support for industry-standard IDEs to fast-track your embedded application development.

Other resources

Infineon provides a wealth of data at www.infineon.com to help you select the right device, and quickly and effectively integrate it into your design.

Document history

Document title: CE240997 – PDL: SAR ADC various processing of conversion results

Version	Description of change
1.0.0	New code example
2.0.0	Updated to support ModusToolbox™ software v3.4

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