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# HAL: ADC using HAL
This code example demonstrates the use of the [ADC HAL](https://infineon.github.io/mtb-hal-cat1/html/group__group__hal__adc.html) driver to perform voltage measurements. In this example, the ADC HAL driver is configured to sample input voltage periodically and display the sampled voltage on the UART. By default, the ADC is configured to use one channel in single-ended mode.
This example also demonstrates the multichannel configuration of the ADC HAL driver, which performs asynchronous reads from multiple channels. In this case, two channels are used. The first channel is configured in single-ended mode and the second channel is configured in differential mode.
[View this README on GitHub.](https://github.com/Infineon/mtb-example-hal-adc-basic)
[Provide feedback on this code example.](https://cypress.co1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_1NTns53sK2yiljn?Q_EED=eyJVbmlxdWUgRG9jIElkIjoiQ0UyMzE0NTEiLCJTcGVjIE51bWJlciI6IjAwMi0zMTQ1MSIsIkRvYyBUaXRsZSI6IkhBTDogQURDIHVzaW5nIEhBTCIsInJpZCI6InZhaXIiLCJEb2MgdmVyc2lvbiI6IjIuMi4wIiwiRG9jIExhbmd1YWdlIjoiRW5nbGlzaCIsIkRvYyBEaXZpc2lvbiI6Ik1DRCIsIkRvYyBCVSI6IklDVyIsIkRvYyBGYW1pbHkiOiJQU09DIn0=)
## Requirements
- [ModusToolbox™](https://www.infineon.com/modustoolbox) v3.1 or later (tested with v3.1)
- Board Support Package (BSP) minimum required version for:
- PSoC™ 6 MCU: v4.2.0
- Programming language: C
- Associated parts: All [PSoC™ 6 MCU](https://www.infineon.com/cms/en/product/microcontroller/32-bit-psoc-arm-cortex-microcontroller/psoc-6-32-bit-arm-cortex-m4-mcu) parts, [XMC7000 MCU](https://www.infineon.com/cms/en/product/microcontroller/32-bit-industrial-microcontroller-based-on-arm-cortex-m/), [AIROC™ CYW20829 Bluetooth® LE SoC](https://www.infineon.com/cms/en/product/promopages/airoc20829/), and [AIROC™ CYW89829 Bluetooth® LE SoC]()
## Supported toolchains (make variable 'TOOLCHAIN')
- GNU Arm® Embedded Compiler v11.3.1 (`GCC_ARM`) – Default value of `TOOLCHAIN`
- Arm® Compiler v6.16 (`ARM`)
- IAR C/C++ Compiler v9.30.1 (`IAR`)
## Supported kits (make variable 'TARGET')
- [PSoC™ 62S2 Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Prototyping Kit](https://www.infineon.com/CY8CPROTO-062S2-43439) (`CY8CPROTO-062S2-43439`) – Default value of `TARGET`
- [PSoC™ 6 Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Prototyping Kit](https://www.infineon.com/CY8CPROTO-062-4343W) (`CY8CPROTO-062-4343W`)
- [PSoC™ 6 Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Pioneer Kit](https://www.infineon.com/CY8CKIT-062-WIFI-BT) (`CY8CKIT-062-WIFI-BT`)
- [PSoC™ 6 Bluetooth® LE Pioneer Kit](https://www.infineon.com/CY8CKIT-062-BLE) (`CY8CKIT-062-BLE`)
- [PSoC™ 6 Bluetooth® LE Prototyping Kit](https://www.infineon.com/CY8CPROTO-063-BLE) (`CY8CPROTO-063-BLE`)
- [PSoC™ 62S1 Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Pioneer Kit](https://www.infineon.com/CYW9P62S1-43438EVB-01) (`CYW9P62S1-43438EVB-01`)
- [PSoC™ 62S1 Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Pioneer Kit](https://www.infineon.com/CYW9P62S1-43012EVB-01) (`CYW9P62S1-43012EVB-01`)
- [PSoC™ 62S2 Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Pioneer Kit](https://www.infineon.com/CY8CKIT-062S2-43012) (`CY8CKIT-062S2-43012`)
- [PSoC™ 62S3 Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Prototyping Kit](https://www.infineon.com/CY8CPROTO-062S3-4343W) (`CY8CPROTO-062S3-4343W`)
- [PSoC™ 64 "Secure Boot" Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Pioneer Kit](https://www.infineon.com/CY8CKIT-064B0S2-4343W) (`CY8CKIT-064B0S2-4343W`)
- [PSoC™ 64 Standard Secure - AWS Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Pioneer Kit](https://www.infineon.com/CY8CKIT-064S0S2-4343W) (`CY8CKIT-064S0S2-4343W`)
- [PSoC™ 64 "Secure Boot" Prototyping Kit](https://www.infineon.com/CY8CPROTO-064B0S3) (`CY8CPROTO-064B0S3`)
- [PSoC™ 64 "Secure Boot" Prototyping Kit](https://www.infineon.com/CY8CPROTO-064S1-SB) (`CY8CPROTO-064S1-SB`)
- [PSoC™ 62S4 Pioneer Kit](https://www.infineon.com/CY8CKIT-062S4) (`CY8CKIT-062S4`)
- [PSoC™ 62S2 Evaluation Kit](https://www.infineon.com/CY8CEVAL-062S2) (`CY8CEVAL-062S2`, `CY8CEVAL-062S2-LAI-4373M2`, `CY8CEVAL-062S2-MUR-43439M2`)
## Hardware setup
This example uses the board's default configuration. See the kit user guide to ensure that the board is configured correctly.
**Table 1. Analog input pins configuration**
Kit | Channel 0 input pin | Channel 1 input pin | Channel 1 voltage reference pin
:------- | :------------ | :------------ | :------------
CY8CPROTO-062S2-43439 | P10[0] | P10[4] | P10[5]
CY8CPROTO-062-4343W | P10[0] | P10[4] | P10[5]
CY8CKIT-062-WIFI-BT | P10[0] | P10[4] | P10[5]
CY8CKIT-062-BLE | P10[0] | P10[4] | P10[5]
CY8CPROTO-063-BLE | P10[0] | P10[4] | P10[5]
CYW9P62S1-43438EVB-01 | P10[0] | P10[4] | P10[5]
CYW9P62S1-43012EVB-01 | P10[0] | P10[4] | P10[5]
CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 | P10[0] | P10[4] | P10[5]
CY8CPROTO-062S3-4343W | P10[3] | P10[4] | P10[5]
CY8CKIT-064B0S2-4343W | P10[0] | P10[4] | P10[5]
CY8CKIT-064S0S2-4343W | P10[0] | P10[4] | P10[5]
CY8CPROTO-064B0S3 | P10[3] | P10[4] | P10[5]
CY8CPROTO-064S1-SB | P10[0] | P10[4] | P10[5]
CY8CKIT-062S4 | P10[0] | P10[1] | P10[2]
CY8CEVAL-062S2 | P10[0] | P10[4] | P10[5]
CY8CEVAL-062S2-LAI-4373M2 | P10[0] | P10[4] | P10[5]
CY8CEVAL-062S2-MUR-43439M2 | P10[0] | P10[4] | P10[5]
**Note:** The PSoC™ 6 Bluetooth® LE pioneer kit (CY8CKIT-062-BLE) and the PSoC™ 6 Wi-Fi Bluetooth® pioneer kit (CY8CKIT-062-WIFI-BT) ship with KitProg2 installed. The ModusToolbox™ requires KitProg3. Before using this code example, make sure that the board is upgraded to KitProg3. The tool and instructions are available in the [Firmware Loader](https://github.com/Infineon/Firmware-loader) GitHub repository. If you do not upgrade, you will see an error like "unable to find CMSIS-DAP device" or "KitProg firmware is out of date".
## Software setup
Install a terminal emulator if you don't have one. Instructions in this document use [Tera Term](https://ttssh2.osdn.jp/index.html.en).
This example requires no additional software or tools.
## Using the code example
### Create the project
The ModusToolbox™ tools package provides the Project Creator as both a GUI tool and a command line tool.
<details><summary><b>Use Project Creator GUI</b></summary>
1. Open the Project Creator GUI tool.
There are several ways to do this, including launching it from the dashboard or from inside the Eclipse IDE. For more details, see the [Project Creator user guide](https://www.infineon.com/ModusToolboxProjectCreator) (locally available at *{ModusToolbox&trade; install directory}/tools_{version}/project-creator/docs/project-creator.pdf*).
2. On the **Choose Board Support Package (BSP)** page, select a kit supported by this code example. See [Supported kits](#supported-kits-make-variable-target).
> **Note:** To use this code example for a kit not listed here, you may need to update the source files. If the kit does not have the required resources, the application may not work.
3. On the **Select Application** page:
a. Select the **Applications(s) Root Path** and the **Target IDE**.
> **Note:** Depending on how you open the Project Creator tool, these fields may be pre-selected for you.
b. Select this code example from the list by enabling its check box.
> **Note:** You can narrow the list of displayed examples by typing in the filter box.
c. (Optional) Change the suggested **New Application Name** and **New BSP Name**.
d. Click **Create** to complete the application creation process.
</details>
<details><summary><b>Use Project Creator CLI</b></summary>
The 'project-creator-cli' tool can be used to create applications from a CLI terminal or from within batch files or shell scripts. This tool is available in the *{ModusToolbox&trade; install directory}/tools_{version}/project-creator/* directory.
Use a CLI terminal to invoke the 'project-creator-cli' tool. On Windows, use the command-line 'modus-shell' program provided in the ModusToolbox&trade; installation instead of a standard Windows command-line application. This shell provides access to all ModusToolbox&trade; tools. You can access it by typing "modus-shell" in the search box in the Windows menu. In Linux and macOS, you can use any terminal application.
The following example clones the "[ADCbasic](https://github.com/Infineon/mtb-example-hal-adc-basic)" application with the desired name "ADC_basic" configured for the *CY8CPROTO-062S2-43439* BSP into the specified working directory, *C:/mtb_projects*:
```
project-creator-cli --board-id CY8CPROTO-062S2-43439 --app-id mtb-example-hal-adc-basic --user-app-name ADC_basic --target-dir "C:/mtb_projects"
```
The 'project-creator-cli' tool has the following arguments:
Argument | Description | Required/optional
---------|-------------|-----------
`--board-id` | Defined in the <id> field of the [BSP](https://github.com/Infineon?q=bsp-manifest&type=&language=&sort=) manifest | Required
`--app-id` | Defined in the <id> field of the [CE](https://github.com/Infineon?q=ce-manifest&type=&language=&sort=) manifest | Required
`--target-dir`| Specify the directory in which the application is to be created if you prefer not to use the default current working directory | Optional
`--user-app-name`| Specify the name of the application if you prefer to have a name other than the example's default name | Optional
> **Note:** The project-creator-cli tool uses the `git clone` and `make getlibs` commands to fetch the repository and import the required libraries. For details, see the "Project creator tools" section of the [ModusToolbox&trade; tools package user guide](https://www.infineon.com/ModusToolboxUserGuide) (locally available at {ModusToolbox&trade; install directory}/docs_{version}/mtb_user_guide.pdf).
</details>
### Open the project
After the project has been created, you can open it in your preferred development environment.
<details><summary><b>Eclipse IDE</b></summary>
If you opened the Project Creator tool from the included Eclipse IDE, the project will open in Eclipse automatically.
For more details, see the [Eclipse IDE for ModusToolbox&trade; user guide](https://www.infineon.com/MTBEclipseIDEUserGuide) (locally available at *{ModusToolbox&trade; install directory}/docs_{version}/mt_ide_user_guide.pdf*).
</details>
<details><summary><b>Visual Studio (VS) Code</b></summary>
Launch VS Code manually, and then open the generated *{project-name}.code-workspace* file located in the project directory.
For more details, see the [Visual Studio Code for ModusToolbox&trade; user guide](https://www.infineon.com/MTBVSCodeUserGuide) (locally available at *{ModusToolbox&trade; install directory}/docs_{version}/mt_vscode_user_guide.pdf*).
</details>
<details><summary><b>Keil µVision</b></summary>
Double-click the generated *{project-name}.cprj* file to launch the Keil µVision IDE.
For more details, see the [Keil µVision for ModusToolbox&trade; user guide](https://www.infineon.com/MTBuVisionUserGuide) (locally available at *{ModusToolbox&trade; install directory}/docs_{version}/mt_uvision_user_guide.pdf*).
</details>
<details><summary><b>IAR Embedded Workbench</b></summary>
Open IAR Embedded Workbench manually, and create a new project. Then select the generated *{project-name}.ipcf* file located in the project directory.
For more details, see the [IAR Embedded Workbench for ModusToolbox&trade; user guide](https://www.infineon.com/MTBIARUserGuide) (locally available at *{ModusToolbox&trade; install directory}/docs_{version}/mt_iar_user_guide.pdf*).
</details>
<details><summary><b>Command line</b></summary>
If you prefer to use the CLI, open the appropriate terminal, and navigate to the project directory. On Windows, use the command-line 'modus-shell' program; on Linux and macOS, you can use any terminal application. From there, you can run various `make` commands.
For more details, see the [ModusToolbox&trade; tools package user guide](https://www.infineon.com/ModusToolboxUserGuide) (locally available at *{ModusToolbox&trade; install directory}/docs_{version}/mtb_user_guide.pdf*).
</details>
## Operation
If using a PSoC&trade; 64 "Secure" MCU kit (like CY8CKIT-064B0S2-4343W), the PSoC&trade; 64 device must be provisioned with keys and policies before being programmed. Follow the instructions in the ["Secure Boot" SDK user guide](https://www.infineon.com/dgdlac/Infineon-PSoC_64_Secure_MCU_Secure_Boot_SDK_User_Guide-Software-v07_00-EN.pdf?fileId=8ac78c8c7d0d8da4017d0f8c361a7666) to provision the device. If the kit is already provisioned, copy-paste the keys and policy folder to the application folder.
1. Connect the board to your PC using the provided USB cable through the KitProg3 USB connector.
**Note:** By default, this application uses the single-channel configuration. In this configuration, one ADC channel is configured in single-ended mode and the channel input is configured to channel 0 input pin which is mentioned in **Table 1**. This application also supports multichannel configuration where two channels are configured; one channel is configured in single-ended mode with input from channel 0 input pin and the second channel is configured in differential mode with the two inputs Vplus and Vref mapped to channel 1 input pin and channel 1 voltage reference input pin respectively, pins are mentioned in **Table 1**. To use the multichannel configuration, by changing the `ADC_EXAMPLE_MODE` macro from `SINGLE_CHANNEL` to `MULTI_CHANNEL`.
2. Open a terminal program and select the KitProg3 COM port. Set the serial port parameters to 8N1 and 115200 baud.
3. Program the board using one of the following:
<details><summary><b>Using Eclipse IDE</b></summary>
1. Select the application project in the Project Explorer.
2. In the **Quick Panel**, scroll down, and click **\<Application Name> Program (KitProg3_MiniProg4)**.
</details>
<details><summary><b>In other IDEs</b></summary>
Follow the instructions in your preferred IDE.
</details>
<details><summary><b>Using CLI</b></summary>
From the terminal, execute the `make program` command to build and program the application using the default toolchain to the default target. The default toolchain is specified in the application's Makefile but you can override this value manually:
```
make program TOOLCHAIN=<toolchain>
```
Example:
```
make program TOOLCHAIN=GCC_ARM
```
</details>
4. After programming, the application starts automatically. Ensure that input voltage is provided at Channel 0 input pin which is mentioned in **Table 1** if a single channel configuration is chosen. Confirm that "HAL: ADC using HAL" and the input voltage are displayed on the UART terminal.
**Figure 1. Terminal output with single-channel configuration**
![](images/single-channel-output.png)
5. If the multichannel configuration is chosen, ensure that the input voltages are provided at the Channel 0 input pin and Channel 1 input pin, pins are mentioned in **Table 1**. Provide a reference voltage at Channel 1 reference voltage input pin, which is mentioned in **Table 1**. Confirm that "PSoC&trade; 6 MCU: ADC using HAL" and the input voltages from the two channels are displayed on the UART terminal.
**Figure 2. Terminal output with multichannel configuration**
![](images/multichannel-output.png)
## Debugging
You can debug the example to step through the code.
<details><summary><b>In Eclipse IDE</b></summary>
Use the **\<Application Name> Debug (KitProg3_MiniProg4)** configuration in the **Quick Panel**. For details, see the "Program and debug" section in the [Eclipse IDE for ModusToolbox&trade; user guide](https://www.infineon.com/MTBEclipseIDEUserGuide).
<mark> Add the below Note for relevant CEs only, like PSoC 6 MCU based. Remove this note for others.
> **Note:** **(Only while debugging)** On the CM4 CPU, some code in `main()` may execute before the debugger halts at the beginning of `main()`. This means that some code executes twice – once before the debugger stops execution, and again after the debugger resets the program counter to the beginning of `main()`. See [KBA231071](https://community.infineon.com/docs/DOC-21143) to learn about this and for the workaround.
</details>
<details><summary><b>In other IDEs</b></summary>
Follow the instructions in your preferred IDE.
</details>
## Design and implementation
In this example, the ADC is configured with a 12-bit resolution; by default, one channel with a 0-VDDA range is configured using HAL. The input voltage is sampled every 200 ms by calling `cyhal_adc_read_uv`; the measured input voltage is displayed on the UART terminal.
This example also supports multichannel configuration. Multichannel configuration can be used by changing the `ADC_EXAMPLE_MODE` macro to `MULTI_CHANNEL`. The ADC is configured to use two channels; Channel 0 is configured in single-ended mode, while Channel 1 is configured in differential mode. The `cyhal_adc_read_async_uv` API function is used to read the results from the two channels asynchronously.
This code example uses a delay of 200 ms between reads for demonstration purposes to print the sampled results on the UART. To achieve sampling at higher rates, remove the delay and use the `cyhal_adc_set_sample_rate` API function to configure the number of samples per second.
PSoC&trade; 6 HAL currently restricts the mapping of any GPIO pins as input to the ADC. Only pins that have a direct connection to the ADC can be used as inputs to the ADC. On all the supported boards, P10_x are the preferred GPIO pins as the input for the ADC because they directly connect to the ADC; therefore, Channel 0 input pin is used as the input for the first channel. Channel 1 input pin and Channel 1 voltage reference input pin are used for the second channel, pins are mentioned in **Table 1**.
### Resources and settings
The following resources are used in this example.
**Table 2. Application resources**
Resource | Alias/object | Purpose
:-------- | :------------- | :-----------
ADC (HAL) | adc_obj | Analog-to-digital converter driver
UART (HAL)| cy_retarget_io_uart_obj | UART HAL object used by Retarget-IO for Debug UART port<br>
<br>
## Related resources
Resources | Links
-----------|----------------------------------
Application notes | [AN228571](https://www.infineon.com/AN228571) – Getting started with PSoC&trade; 6 MCU on ModusToolbox&trade; <br> [AN215656](https://www.infineon.com/AN215656) – PSoC&trade; 6 MCU: Dual-CPU system design <br> [AN221774](https://www.infineon.com/AN221774) – Getting started with PSoC&trade; 6 MCU on PSoC&trade; Creator <br> [AN210781](https://www.infineon.com/AN210781) – Getting Started with PSoC&trade; 6 MCU with Bluetooth&reg; Low Energy connectivity on PSoC&trade; Creator
Code examples | [Using ModusToolbox&trade;](https://github.com/Infineon/Code-Examples-for-ModusToolbox-Software) on GitHub <br> [Using PSoC&trade; Creator](https://www.infineon.com/cms/en/design-support/tools/sdk/psoc-software/psoc-creator/)
Device documentation | [PSoC&trade; 6 MCU datasheets](https://www.infineon.com/cms/en/search.html#!view=downloads&term=psoc6&doc_group=Data%20Sheet) <br> [PSoC&trade; 6 technical reference manuals](https://www.infineon.com/cms/en/search.html#!view=downloads&term=psoc6&doc_group=Additional%20Technical%20Information)
Development kits | Select your kits from the [Evaluation board finder](https://www.infineon.com/cms/en/design-support/finder-selection-tools/product-finder/evaluation-board) page.
Libraries on GitHub | [mtb-pdl-cat1](https://github.com/Infineon/mtb-pdl-cat1) – PSoC&trade; 6 Peripheral Driver Library (PDL) <br> [mtb-hal-cat1](https://github.com/Infineon/mtb-hal-cat1) – Hardware abstraction layer (HAL) library <br> [retarget-io](https://github.com/Infineon/retarget-io) – Utility library to retarget STDIO messages to a UART port
Middleware on GitHub | [capsense](https://github.com/Infineon/capsense) – CAPSENSE&trade; library and documents <br> [psoc6-middleware](https://github.com/Infineon/modustoolbox-software#psoc-6-middleware-libraries) – Links to all PSoC&trade; 6 MCU middleware
Tools | [ModusToolbox&trade;](https://www.infineon.com/modustoolbox) – ModusToolbox&trade; is a collection of easy-to-use libraries and tools enabling rapid development with Infineon MCUs for applications ranging from wireless and cloud-connected systems, edge AI/ML, embedded sense and control, to wired USB connectivity using PSoC&trade; Industrial/IoT MCUs, AIROC&trade; Wi-Fi and Bluetooth&reg; connectivity devices, XMC&trade; Industrial MCUs, and EZ-USB&trade;/EZ-PD&trade; wired connectivity controllers. ModusToolbox&trade; incorporates a comprehensive set of BSPs, HAL, libraries, configuration tools, and provides support for industry-standard IDEs to fast-track your embedded application development.
<br>
## Other resources
Infineon provides a wealth of data at [www.infineon.com](https://www.infineon.com) to help you select the right device, and quickly and effectively integrate it into your design.
For PSoC&trade; 6 MCU devices, see [How to design with PSoC&trade; 6 MCU - KBA223067](https://community.infineon.com/docs/DOC-14644) in the Infineon Developer community.
## Document history
Document title: *CE231451* - *PSoC&trade; 6 MCU: ADC using HAL*
Version | Description of change
------- | ---------------------
1.0.0 | New code example
1.1.0 | Added support for new kits
2.0.0 | Major update to support ModusToolbox&trade; v3.0. This version is not backward compatible with previous versions of ModusToolbox&trade;
2.1.0 | Added support for CY8CKIT-062S4, CY8CEVAL-062S2, CY8CEVAL-062S2-LAI-4373M2, CY8CEVAL-062S2-MUR-43439M2, CY8CPROTO-064B0S3, and CY8CPROTO-064S1-SB
2.2.0 | Added support for CY8CPROTO-062S2-43439
<br>
All referenced product or service names and trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
The Bluetooth&reg; word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc., and any use of such marks by Infineon is under license.
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